כל שהוא

שַׁהֲוָאf. (שְׁהֵי) wasteness, ruin.Pl. שַׁהֲוָותָא, שַׁהֲוָתָא. Targ. Ps. 73:18 (Ms. שחוותא; h. text מַשּׁוּאֹות).

מִסְכֵּןI m. (b. h.; סָכַן I) poor man; (adj.) scanty, scarce; trnsf. mean. Midr. Prov. ch. 22 מ׳ שהוא מְסוּכָּן בחייו the poor man is called misken, because he is sparsely supplied with means of livelihood; Lev. R. s. 34 מפני שהוא בזוי לכל he is called misken, because he is despised of all men (ref. to Koh. 9:16). Ruth R. to I, 1 (ref. to Koh. l. c.) וכי חכמתו שלר״ע שהיה מ׳ בזויה היתה אלא מהו מ׳ מי שהוא בזוי בדבריווכ׳ was the wisdom of R. Akiba who was a poor man despised? But what does misken here mean? One who proves himself mean by his own words (not practicing what he preaches); Koh. R. to l. c. (read:) אלא זה שהוא מ׳ בדבריו; Yalk. Ruth 598 אלא ההוא דמ׳ בדבריו בזויה (insert חכמתו). Koh. R. l. c. אין מ׳ אלא מי שמְמַסְכֵּין דבריו (not שמסכין) behold, a misken is none but he who makes his words appear mean. Ib. to 9:15 ולמה קורא אותו מ׳ שאינו מצוי בכל הבריות ואיןוכ׳ and why does the text call him (the good genius in man) misken (scarce)? Because he is rare among men, and ( mean) because the majority of people do not listen to him; ib. to 4:13; a. fr.Yalk. ib. 979; Ylamd. to Num. 24:5 quot. in Ar. שמ׳ מדברי תורה, read: שמ׳ בדבריו, v. supra.Denom.

מִסְכֵּןI m. (b. h.; סָכַן I) poor man; (adj.) scanty, scarce; trnsf. mean. Midr. Prov. ch. 22 מ׳ שהוא מְסוּכָּן בחייו the poor man is called misken, because he is sparsely supplied with means of livelihood; Lev. R. s. 34 מפני שהוא בזוי לכל he is called misken, because he is despised of all men (ref. to Koh. 9:16). Ruth R. to I, 1 (ref. to Koh. l. c.) וכי חכמתו שלר״ע שהיה מ׳ בזויה היתה אלא מהו מ׳ מי שהוא בזוי בדבריווכ׳ was the wisdom of R. Akiba who was a poor man despised? But what does misken here mean? One who proves himself mean by his own words (not practicing what he preaches); Koh. R. to l. c. (read:) אלא זה שהוא מ׳ בדבריו; Yalk. Ruth 598 אלא ההוא דמ׳ בדבריו בזויה (insert חכמתו). Koh. R. l. c. אין מ׳ אלא מי שמְמַסְכֵּין דבריו (not שמסכין) behold, a misken is none but he who makes his words appear mean. Ib. to 9:15 ולמה קורא אותו מ׳ שאינו מצוי בכל הבריות ואיןוכ׳ and why does the text call him (the good genius in man) misken (scarce)? Because he is rare among men, and ( mean) because the majority of people do not listen to him; ib. to 4:13; a. fr.Yalk. ib. 979; Ylamd. to Num. 24:5 quot. in Ar. שמ׳ מדברי תורה, read: שמ׳ בדבריו, v. supra.Denom.

גָּדַר(b. h.; v. גדד I) 1) to cut, esp. to harvest dates. B. Mets.89b (Ar. גדד, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300). B. Bath.36b עד שיגדור ג׳ גדירות until he has reaped three date harvests.Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top; Bab. ib. 73b (terms equivalent to קוצר); Y. ib. 10a ed. Krot. הגורד (corr. acc.).Sabb.50a; 125b חריות … שגְּדָרָן לעצים twigs of a date tree which one cut with the intention of using them for fuel; v. גָּדַע.Tosef.Ber.IV, 21; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר cut down. Tosef.Shebi.IV, 13 כרם ג׳ בציפורי (Var. גדול; R. S. to Shebi. VI, 4 גריד) a ruined vineyard in Zepphoris. 2) to surround with a גֶּדֶר, fence in; to limit, control, ward off. B. Kam.23a שהיה לו לגֹודְרָהּ ולא גְדָרָהּ he ought to have fenced it in and did not do so. Tosef.M. Kat. I, 7 חומת … גֹּודְרִין אותה if a city wall is broken into, we may fence it in (repair it, during the festive week).Gen. R. s. 49 (play on haaf, Gen. 18:23) אתה גֹודֵר את האף והאף לא יִגְדָּרְךָ Thou controllest the anger, but the anger does not control Thee.Y.Ber.IX, end, 14c וגֹודְרָהּ, v. זָקֵן I.Mikv. V, 6 גודר כלים one may form a dam with garments (Tosef. ib. IV, 10 גרר, corr. acc.). Y.Ber.III, 6c דבר שהוא גֹודֵר את ישראל מןוכ׳ a custom which guards Israel from sin. Lev. R. s. 24 מי שהוא גודר עצמווכ׳ (Y.Yeb.II, 3d top פורש) he who guards himself against sin (restraining himself from anything unchaste) is called holy. Gen. R. s. 70 גָּדְרוּ עצמןוכ׳ trained themselves to chastity; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר abstinent, chaste. Lev. R. s. 22 ומעצמו הוא ג׳ and he will become abstinent of his own accord. Gen. R. l. c. אנשי מזרח גְּדוּרִיםוכ׳ the people of the East are chaste; a. fr.ג׳ פרצה (or sub. פרצה) to fence in a breach, to remedy calamities, also to check lawlessness by preventive measures (v. גְּזֵרָה). Ber.19a שתִּגְדֹּורוכ׳ that Thou repair our breaches (relieve us); B. Bath.91b.Lev. R. s. 1 (play on Abigdor 1 Chr. 4:4) הרבה גֹודְרִיןוכ׳ Israel had many fence-makers (guardians against sin). Ruth. R. s. 2, a. fr.Erub.6a, a. e. ג׳ בה גדר, v. בִּקְעָה.Y.Erub.X, 26b bot. דלת גודרתוכ׳; Tosef. ib. XI (VII), 18 גוררת ed. Zuck., Var. גוד׳, v. גָּרַר.Y.Sabb.XV, 15b top וגדרתא, read וּגְדָרַתָּהּ. Nif. נִגְדָּר to be guarded; to guard ones self. Y.Sabb.XVII, beg.16a כיון שנִגְדְּרוּ (ib. III, 6a top שנִתְגַּדְּרוּ) when they had been trained (to guard against desecrating the Sabbath). Lev. R. s. 32 נ׳ כל הנשיםוכ׳ all women were made chaste through her meritorious example; a. e. Pi. גִּידֵּר to cut into. Gitt.56b; Lev. R. s. 20; 22; Num. R. s. 18 וגִידּ׳ את הפרוכת and cut into the curtain (Koh. R. to V, 8; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1 וגָד׳). Tosef.Shebi.III, 20 מְגַדֵּר בחורשין Var. (ed. Zuck. מברך) to cut into, to clear thickets, v. בהה. Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּר 1) ( to cut onesself off from others, to distinguish ones self, to excel; to raise ones self above others, to arrogate power, he presumptuous. Ber.17a כשם שהוא אינו מִתְגַּדֵּרוכ׳ as he cannot excel in my work (study), so can I not in his (field labor). Ḥull.7a my predecessors have left room for me להִתְגַּדֵּר בו to distinguish myself; Yoma 78a; (Y.Dem.II, 22c bot. עטרה לחתעטר, Ar. להתגדר).Ned.81a כדי שלא יִתְגַּדְּרוּ עלוכ׳ in order that they may not be presumptuous towards the people; v. גָּבַר Hithpa. (Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa 1 כבן שמתגדרוכ׳, v. גָּרַר II. 2) to be trained, v. supra Nif.

גָּדַר(b. h.; v. גדד I) 1) to cut, esp. to harvest dates. B. Mets.89b (Ar. גדד, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300). B. Bath.36b עד שיגדור ג׳ גדירות until he has reaped three date harvests.Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top; Bab. ib. 73b (terms equivalent to קוצר); Y. ib. 10a ed. Krot. הגורד (corr. acc.).Sabb.50a; 125b חריות … שגְּדָרָן לעצים twigs of a date tree which one cut with the intention of using them for fuel; v. גָּדַע.Tosef.Ber.IV, 21; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר cut down. Tosef.Shebi.IV, 13 כרם ג׳ בציפורי (Var. גדול; R. S. to Shebi. VI, 4 גריד) a ruined vineyard in Zepphoris. 2) to surround with a גֶּדֶר, fence in; to limit, control, ward off. B. Kam.23a שהיה לו לגֹודְרָהּ ולא גְדָרָהּ he ought to have fenced it in and did not do so. Tosef.M. Kat. I, 7 חומת … גֹּודְרִין אותה if a city wall is broken into, we may fence it in (repair it, during the festive week).Gen. R. s. 49 (play on haaf, Gen. 18:23) אתה גֹודֵר את האף והאף לא יִגְדָּרְךָ Thou controllest the anger, but the anger does not control Thee.Y.Ber.IX, end, 14c וגֹודְרָהּ, v. זָקֵן I.Mikv. V, 6 גודר כלים one may form a dam with garments (Tosef. ib. IV, 10 גרר, corr. acc.). Y.Ber.III, 6c דבר שהוא גֹודֵר את ישראל מןוכ׳ a custom which guards Israel from sin. Lev. R. s. 24 מי שהוא גודר עצמווכ׳ (Y.Yeb.II, 3d top פורש) he who guards himself against sin (restraining himself from anything unchaste) is called holy. Gen. R. s. 70 גָּדְרוּ עצמןוכ׳ trained themselves to chastity; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר abstinent, chaste. Lev. R. s. 22 ומעצמו הוא ג׳ and he will become abstinent of his own accord. Gen. R. l. c. אנשי מזרח גְּדוּרִיםוכ׳ the people of the East are chaste; a. fr.ג׳ פרצה (or sub. פרצה) to fence in a breach, to remedy calamities, also to check lawlessness by preventive measures (v. גְּזֵרָה). Ber.19a שתִּגְדֹּורוכ׳ that Thou repair our breaches (relieve us); B. Bath.91b.Lev. R. s. 1 (play on Abigdor 1 Chr. 4:4) הרבה גֹודְרִיןוכ׳ Israel had many fence-makers (guardians against sin). Ruth. R. s. 2, a. fr.Erub.6a, a. e. ג׳ בה גדר, v. בִּקְעָה.Y.Erub.X, 26b bot. דלת גודרתוכ׳; Tosef. ib. XI (VII), 18 גוררת ed. Zuck., Var. גוד׳, v. גָּרַר.Y.Sabb.XV, 15b top וגדרתא, read וּגְדָרַתָּהּ. Nif. נִגְדָּר to be guarded; to guard ones self. Y.Sabb.XVII, beg.16a כיון שנִגְדְּרוּ (ib. III, 6a top שנִתְגַּדְּרוּ) when they had been trained (to guard against desecrating the Sabbath). Lev. R. s. 32 נ׳ כל הנשיםוכ׳ all women were made chaste through her meritorious example; a. e. Pi. גִּידֵּר to cut into. Gitt.56b; Lev. R. s. 20; 22; Num. R. s. 18 וגִידּ׳ את הפרוכת and cut into the curtain (Koh. R. to V, 8; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1 וגָד׳). Tosef.Shebi.III, 20 מְגַדֵּר בחורשין Var. (ed. Zuck. מברך) to cut into, to clear thickets, v. בהה. Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּר 1) ( to cut onesself off from others, to distinguish ones self, to excel; to raise ones self above others, to arrogate power, he presumptuous. Ber.17a כשם שהוא אינו מִתְגַּדֵּרוכ׳ as he cannot excel in my work (study), so can I not in his (field labor). Ḥull.7a my predecessors have left room for me להִתְגַּדֵּר בו to distinguish myself; Yoma 78a; (Y.Dem.II, 22c bot. עטרה לחתעטר, Ar. להתגדר).Ned.81a כדי שלא יִתְגַּדְּרוּ עלוכ׳ in order that they may not be presumptuous towards the people; v. גָּבַר Hithpa. (Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa 1 כבן שמתגדרוכ׳, v. גָּרַר II. 2) to be trained, v. supra Nif.

יוֹם(b. h.) light, day (opp. night); ( astronomical) day; trnsf. day of life; time. Gen. R. s. 6 הי׳ והגשמיםוכ׳ the noise of the moving light (Yoma 20b קול גלגל חמה) and the rains ; Midr. Sam. ch. IX, Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to Mal. 3:19) י׳ שהוא מלהטוכ׳ it is the day light which will glow the wicked (cmp. נַרְתֵּק). M. Kat. 25b (ref. to Am. 8:9) זה יוֹמוֹ שלוכ׳ that means the day of life of Josiah (who was slain in the bloom of manhood). Gen. R. s. 3 (ref. to ib. I, 5) י׳ אחד … ואיזה זה יוה״כ ‘one (distinguished) day … that is the Day of Atonement. Ḥull.V, 5 (83a) הי׳ הולךוכ׳ the day follows the night, i. e. the beginning of the night is the beginning of the new day. Taan.29a, v. זַכַּאי; a. v. fr.י׳ טוב (abbr. יו״ט) Holy Day; festival. R. Hash. IV, 1; a. fr.Yoma VII, 4 ויו״ט היהוכ׳ and the Highpriest gave a festival to his friends; a. fr. Yom Tob, name of a treatise of the Tosefta (v. בֵּיצָה).י׳ הכפורים (abbr. יו״כ, יה״כ) Day of Atonement. Yoma I, 1; a. v. fr.בֶּן יוֹמוֹ of the same day, not quite one day old, used on the same day. Sabb.151b. B. Kam.65b; a. fr.Tanḥ. Kor. 3; ed. Bub. 6; Num. R. s. 18 תינוקות בְּנֵי יוֹמָן (not בן) children just born; a. fr.Du. יוֹמַיִם. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s.7; B. Kam.90a ישנו בדין יום או י׳ comes under the law of ‘one or two days (Ex. 21:21); B. Bath.50a.Mekh. l. c. יום שהוא כי׳ וי׳ שהוא כיום a time which counts like two days, and two days which count like a day, which is twenty four hours (from the time of the accident, including part of this and part of the next day).Snh.65b מה יום מיומים (Ms. M. a. Rashi מה היוםוכ׳) what difference is there between to-day (Sabbath) and the next day?; Gen. R. s. 11; Yalk. Deut. 918; Yalk. Lev. 617.Pl. יָמִים; constr. יְמֵי, יְמוֹת. Erub.III, 6 לשני י׳ for both days. Zeb.V, 7 לשני י׳ during two days and one night. Pes.52a, a. fr. שני י׳ טובים של גליות, v. גָּלוּת. Taan.IV, 8 לא היו י׳ ט׳וכ׳ Israel had no days as merry as ; a. fr.Ab. I, 17, a. fr. כל יָמַי all my lifetime.Esp. יְמוֹת season, period of. י׳ הגשמים, v. גֶּשֶׁם I.י׳ החמה a) summer season. Toh. VI, 7; a. fr.b) the solar year. Gen. R. s. 33, end; a. fr.י׳ הלבנה the lunar year. Ib.; a. fr.י׳ בגרות, י׳ נערות, v. בַּגְרוּת

יוֹם(b. h.) light, day (opp. night); ( astronomical) day; trnsf. day of life; time. Gen. R. s. 6 הי׳ והגשמיםוכ׳ the noise of the moving light (Yoma 20b קול גלגל חמה) and the rains ; Midr. Sam. ch. IX, Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to Mal. 3:19) י׳ שהוא מלהטוכ׳ it is the day light which will glow the wicked (cmp. נַרְתֵּק). M. Kat. 25b (ref. to Am. 8:9) זה יוֹמוֹ שלוכ׳ that means the day of life of Josiah (who was slain in the bloom of manhood). Gen. R. s. 3 (ref. to ib. I, 5) י׳ אחד … ואיזה זה יוה״כ ‘one (distinguished) day … that is the Day of Atonement. Ḥull.V, 5 (83a) הי׳ הולךוכ׳ the day follows the night, i. e. the beginning of the night is the beginning of the new day. Taan.29a, v. זַכַּאי; a. v. fr.י׳ טוב (abbr. יו״ט) Holy Day; festival. R. Hash. IV, 1; a. fr.Yoma VII, 4 ויו״ט היהוכ׳ and the Highpriest gave a festival to his friends; a. fr. Yom Tob, name of a treatise of the Tosefta (v. בֵּיצָה).י׳ הכפורים (abbr. יו״כ, יה״כ) Day of Atonement. Yoma I, 1; a. v. fr.בֶּן יוֹמוֹ of the same day, not quite one day old, used on the same day. Sabb.151b. B. Kam.65b; a. fr.Tanḥ. Kor. 3; ed. Bub. 6; Num. R. s. 18 תינוקות בְּנֵי יוֹמָן (not בן) children just born; a. fr.Du. יוֹמַיִם. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s.7; B. Kam.90a ישנו בדין יום או י׳ comes under the law of ‘one or two days (Ex. 21:21); B. Bath.50a.Mekh. l. c. יום שהוא כי׳ וי׳ שהוא כיום a time which counts like two days, and two days which count like a day, which is twenty four hours (from the time of the accident, including part of this and part of the next day).Snh.65b מה יום מיומים (Ms. M. a. Rashi מה היוםוכ׳) what difference is there between to-day (Sabbath) and the next day?; Gen. R. s. 11; Yalk. Deut. 918; Yalk. Lev. 617.Pl. יָמִים; constr. יְמֵי, יְמוֹת. Erub.III, 6 לשני י׳ for both days. Zeb.V, 7 לשני י׳ during two days and one night. Pes.52a, a. fr. שני י׳ טובים של גליות, v. גָּלוּת. Taan.IV, 8 לא היו י׳ ט׳וכ׳ Israel had no days as merry as ; a. fr.Ab. I, 17, a. fr. כל יָמַי all my lifetime.Esp. יְמוֹת season, period of. י׳ הגשמים, v. גֶּשֶׁם I.י׳ החמה a) summer season. Toh. VI, 7; a. fr.b) the solar year. Gen. R. s. 33, end; a. fr.י׳ הלבנה the lunar year. Ib.; a. fr.י׳ בגרות, י׳ נערות, v. בַּגְרוּת

סַדָּןm. (v. סַד) block. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to Ex. 1:16) אין אבנים אלא ס׳ (gloss: שהוא דבר קשה) obhnayim means a block (which means a hard object); מה יוצר זה … וס׳ באמצע as the potter sits with one leg on each side of the block (mould); Sot.11b. Gen. R. s. 10, end כזה שהוא … על הס׳ as one striking with the hammer on the block (anvil); Sabb.XII, 1. Snh.VII, 3 מניחין … על הס׳ they put his head on the (executioners) block; a. fr.Esp. ס׳ של שקמה (or sub. שקמה) the trunk of the sycamore tree. Kil. I, 8 אין … בתוך ס׳ של ש׳ you must not plant vegetables in a trunk B. Bath.IV, 9; a. fr.Pesik. R. s. 1 (ref. to Is. 65:22) (read:) זה עץ הס׳ שעושהוכ׳ that means the wood of the sycamore trunk, which endures in the ground for six hundred years; (Gen. R. s. 12 כשקמה הזו); a. e.Pl. סַדָּנִים. Ib. s. 42 (expl. עמק השדים, Gen. 14:3) שהוא מגדל ס׳ which produces sycamore trees.

סַדָּןm. (v. סַד) block. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to Ex. 1:16) אין אבנים אלא ס׳ (gloss: שהוא דבר קשה) obhnayim means a block (which means a hard object); מה יוצר זה … וס׳ באמצע as the potter sits with one leg on each side of the block (mould); Sot.11b. Gen. R. s. 10, end כזה שהוא … על הס׳ as one striking with the hammer on the block (anvil); Sabb.XII, 1. Snh.VII, 3 מניחין … על הס׳ they put his head on the (executioners) block; a. fr.Esp. ס׳ של שקמה (or sub. שקמה) the trunk of the sycamore tree. Kil. I, 8 אין … בתוך ס׳ של ש׳ you must not plant vegetables in a trunk B. Bath.IV, 9; a. fr.Pesik. R. s. 1 (ref. to Is. 65:22) (read:) זה עץ הס׳ שעושהוכ׳ that means the wood of the sycamore trunk, which endures in the ground for six hundred years; (Gen. R. s. 12 כשקמה הזו); a. e.Pl. סַדָּנִים. Ib. s. 42 (expl. עמק השדים, Gen. 14:3) שהוא מגדל ס׳ which produces sycamore trees.